Saturday, August 18, 2007

Wound swabs

Contamination = the presence of organisms in a wound that are not multiplying.

Colonisation
= the presence of organisms in a wound that are multiplying but causing negligible host reaction. Colonisation can have a detrimental effect on wound healing, but as the ‘classic’ signs of infection do not accompany it, is often not identified.

Infection
= the presence of organisms in a wound that are multiplying and causing a host reaction.

Signs of infection

  • delayed healing
  • purulent discharge from the wound
  • Green, yellow or brown wound exudate or increased amount of wound exudate
  • Offensive odour
  • Inflammation and erythema of the wound and surrounding tissue – may include cellulitis
  • Hypergranulation tissue
  • Systemic signs: fever, malaise/lethargy
  • Increased or unusual pain (Note: persons with diabetes may not experience this)
  • Confusion
  • Elevated BSL in diabetics
  • Leucocytosis

Indications for Wound Swabbing

  • An obvious wound exists and the surface can be sampled
  • Clinical signs of infection
  • Viable tissue exists - not slough or necrotic tissue (although these need to be removed via debridement)
References:
  • Templeton S., Royal District Nursing Service of SA, http://www.rdns.org.au/research_unit/Newsletters/11_Wound_Sep02.pdf

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